Ephilides

What are freckles?

Sun exposure, skin aging, and genetic predisposition are the main factors that influence skin color. Melanin (the pigment that gives our skin its color) is distributed unevenly and accumulates on the skin’s surface, resulting in uneven skin tone and the formation of spots.

Freckles are the spots that appear on the face as a result of sun exposure. This category also includes age spots, which appear in older adults, mainly on the hands, chest, and back. Sunspots are brown or black in color and appear mainly in people with fair skin. They are caused by increased pigmentation in the basal layer due to the overactivity of melanocytes. Age spots appear on all skin types and have indistinct borders. Heredity plays a role in their development.

How are freckles and age spots treated?

Freckles and age spots can be treated with:

• Chemical peel: A deep or medium-depth chemical peel is performed, depending on the condition of the skin.
• Laser: A special laser is used to remove surface melanin, allowing the skin to return to its natural color. Typically, 3–4 sessions are required every month.
• Skin-lightening creams
• Cryotherapy