Do warts cause complications? Everything you need to know

Although warts often do not cause serious problems, they can lead to complications if not treated promptly and properly. These complications depend on the type of HPV, the individual’s immune status, and the affected area. One of the most common complications is the recurrence and spread of warts. If left untreated, they can spread to other parts of the body or reappear, even after treatment, as the virus remains in the body. If warts are injured, they can bleed and become susceptible to infection. Especially if they are located in areas subject to frequent contact or friction, such as the genitals, the risk of injury and subsequent infection is increased. Another significant issue is the psychological impact. The appearance of warts in visible areas of the body, such as the genitals, can cause anxiety, embarrassment, and low self-esteem. These psychological consequences can affect a person’s social and sexual life. In rarer cases, warts can cause narrowing in areas such as the urethra, anus, or vagina, leading to difficulty urinating, defecating, or even painful sexual intercourse. The most serious complication of warts is related to the link between HPV and the development of cancer. Certain types of HPV, such as HPV-16 and HPV-18, are known to be associated with cancers of the cervix, anus, pharynx, and mouth. Although warts are usually caused by non-oncogenic types of HPV, their presence may indicate infection with other, more dangerous types of the virus. Complications from warts can be prevented through early diagnosis and treatment. If you notice any changes, consult your doctor immediately to prevent the warts from spreading or recurring. Additionally, HPV vaccination and condom use are important preventive measures.